Different hydrothermal corrosion results between two sides of sodalime float glass and the possible corrosion mechanism

Sodalime float (SF) glass is widely used in our societies and industries. Hydrothermal corrosion method is one of the effective ways to prepare a superhydrophobic glass, but there is still lack of knowledge about hydrothermal corrosion behavior and mechanism of SF glass. We have hydrothermally treated SF glass at 180 °C for different time, and tried to reveal the aqueous corrosion process of SF glass. We have characterized the morphologies and chemical compositions of samples, and found that (1) the two sides of SF glass have different corrosion resistances, and (2) a multilayer structural coating with a nanoflake layer (Mg-rich gel layer), a nanowire layer (Ca-rich gel layer), and a porous layer (etched layer) is formed on the air-side of SF glass. Based on the experimental results, we have proposed an aqueous corrosion mechanism of SF glass. The insights of the hydrothermal corrosion behaviors and mechanism provide helpful guidelines to glass surface structural control and functionalization.     

柱塞卡滞原因分析

某柱塞泵工作中发生柱塞卡滞,经显微形貌观察、光谱分析、电子探针面扫描分析和显微硬度分析等,确定柱塞卡滞的根本原因为原材料组织中存在严重的网状共晶碳化物,降低了强度和韧性,增大了柱塞球面表层的脆性,进而导致了球面部位的接触疲劳抗力下降。严重的疲劳磨损与接触疲劳造成了柱塞球面脱层破坏,由此产生的金属碎屑进入柱塞与衬套的配合间隙处,进而限制了柱塞的自由运动。     

使用混合杆柱时抽油泵柱塞的超冲程

任何抽油杆柱在理论上都可能产生超冲程，只是大小不同而已。超冲程的存在，使泵柱塞的有效冲程增大，甚至会大于光杆冲程。首次提出了抽油泵柱塞相对超冲程和绝对超冲程的概念，这将有助于正确认识玻璃钢抽油杆的作用和玻璃钢抽油杆的推广使用。将抽油杆柱简化成上端受光杆的激振位移、下端带有集中质量的弹簧－质量力学模型，建立了抽油杆柱纵向振动的偏微分方程和边界条件，然后用固有函数法求解方程，得出了抽油泵柱塞超冲程的无穷级数解析计算式。     

合理选择锻造工艺降低锻件制造成本

150 MN水压机柱塞锻件重70.67 t。在保证钢锭质量的前提下,选取93 t钢锭(钢锭利用率75.9%),通过KD锻造方法的压实作用,成功地生产出合格的柱塞锻件。     

web设计中div＋css页面布局的应用研究

随着web标准化设计理念的普及,目前网站几乎均采用DIV＋CSS进行网页的排版布局,用DIV布局,使用CSS层叠样式来实现页面的外观。本文就DIV布局时CSS样式表一些关键属性设置进行探讨。     

拉深简形件水平浮动切边模设计

拉深无凸缘筒形件，由于拉深后筒口边部凸凹不平。采用移动式凸轮，在水平十字形四个方向使凹模浮动与固定的凸模形成相对的剪切刃口，将多余的不平整的边部切掉。每浮动一次切开圆周长的四分之一多一点，共浮动四次。     

使用PVB膜片作为安全玻璃夹层的常见问题与改进方法

研究了聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）膜片、浮法玻璃和夹玻工艺对夹层安全玻璃的影响,探讨夹玻的各个工序中出现不正常的原因,并提出解决问题的应对方法,提高了最终制品的质量,实现夹玻的科学生产.     

流量控制阀不同配流形式的研究

根据液压控制和流体力学仿真的原理,用MATLAB/Simulink作为仿真工具,建立电液比例斜盘式轴向变量柱塞泵的控制模型,对变量柱塞泵的流量控制阀不同配流形式进行了仿真研究,分析了泵内阀的关键参数对其工作特性的影响.     

复合织构化压裂泵柱塞密封副动压润滑性能仿真研究

为改善压裂泵柱塞密封副的摩擦磨损性能,在压裂泵柱塞密封副表面建立不同的复合表面织构(不同复合织构类型、不同分布方式、不同截面形状等),并在结合柱塞密封副几何结构特征、压力边界条件及雷诺方程的基础上,建立织构化柱塞密封副动压润滑理论模型,采用有限差分对雷诺方程进行求解,仿真分析复合织构对柱塞密封副动压润滑性能的影响规律。数值仿真研究结果表明:复合织构对动压润滑性能的影响与外织构深度有密切关系;内织构为凹坑或凸起,以及内织构为不同截面形状的复合织构,主要是通过影响织构平均深度与摩擦副间隙的大小关系,而对复合织构的动压润滑性能造成不同的影响规律;内织构分布于外织构右侧(润滑介质入口一侧)对复合织构动压润滑性能的提升最大。     

Experimental study on critical breaking stress of float glass under elevated temperature

Cracking and subsequent fallout of glass may significantly affect fire dynamics in compartments. Moreover, the breaking tensile stress of glass, a crucial parameter for breakage occurrence, is the least well known among mechanical properties. In this work, a series of experiments were conducted, through mechanical tensile tests, to directly measure the breaking stress of float glass using Material Testing System 810 apparatus. Clear, ground and coated glass samples with a thickness of 6 mm were measured under ambient conditions, with a room temperature of 25 °C. The breaking stress of smooth glass samples was also measured at 75 °C, 100 °C, 125 °C, 150 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C and 400 °C, respectively. The results show that surface treatment may decrease the critical tensile stress of glass panes. The average breaking stress also fluctuates considerably, from 26.60 to 35.72 MPa with the temperature variations investigated here. At approximately 100 °C, critical stress reached the minimum value at which glass breakage occurs more easily. In addition, the thermal expansion coefficient was established using a thermal dilatometer, to obtain the maximum temperature difference float glass can withstand. It is intended that these results will provide some practical guidelines for fire safety engineers.